Sentauria is actively engaged with NASA, commercial spaceflight providers (like SpaceX), university space medicine programs, the Aerospace Medical Association, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and other groups advancing human spaceflight. This includes missions such as orbital, Low Earth Orbit, the Moon, and Mars. One of our SiBASE installation projects is with a major US medical school building a spaceflight analog habitat to test human capabilities before entering space. This habitat will include the ability to also simulate submarines, military aircraft, and other vehicles used in extreme operating environments.

Sentauria is leading the acoustic design and engineering effort for this spaceflight analog, including incorporation of our SiBASE platform. The location of the analog laboratory-habitat will be publicly announced in the coming months. At present, there are at least four commercial companies building space stations to replace the International Space Station (ISS). The new analog space habitat that Sentauria is helping to develop will also be a central testing ground for these commercial space station platforms to assess their various technologies, methods, and human applications that will be necessary for astronauts to thrive in their low Earth orbit and Lunar habitats.

Why Biophilia-Augmented in Space?

According to NASA, the five major hazards of human spaceflight are:

1) Space radiation

2) Gravity fields

3) Isolation and confinement

4) Distance from Earth

5) Hostile closed environments

While all five have a direct biological impact on astronauts, 3, 4, and 5 have a considerable impact on astronaut behavior, mental health, cognition, and morale. The loss of access to all natural environments on Earth and the inability to escape the confines of a spacecraft to seek a natural environment can lead to changes in psychological wellbeing. This has been well established in isolated environments on Earth such as Antarctica, as well as in low Earth orbit spaceflight.

One approach to this impact of space is to create biophilic environments, which is an architectural process used widely on Earth to integrate nature into the built environment. Biophilic design can be done either with actual natural elements like plants or with digitally-rendered elements. We have developed the Sentauria Immersive Biophilia-Augmented Space Environment (SiBASE) to enhance the environment of space analogs on Earth, spacecraft, orbiting space stations, and stations on other planetary bodies (such as the Moon and Mars).

One aspect of our SiBASE platform is the creation of digitally-rendered highly immersive spatialized naturescapes that create as close an analog as possible to natural environments on Earth. These spacecraft biophilic environments are more easily rendered in digital form, because of the constant limitations on weight (mass) and volume applied to anything taken on a space mission. One of the added benefits of the Sentauria system is that it creates a sense of vastness within small, intimate, and confined spaces. So, in addition to rendering the natural environmental elements, the sense of vastness can reduce the sense of confinement experienced when trapped within a small habitat for months or even years.

Spaceflight Noise Abatement

One might think of a spacecraft or space habitat as a relatively quiet place. However, the various engines, fans, motors, treadmill, ARED exercise platform, and other mechanical elements can raise noise levels into the 70 to 85 decibel level. This can, slowly over time, impact astronaut health in ways not yet clearly defined. In some studies, the noise exceeds the 85 db level as much as 40% of the time. Part of the SiBASE platform is to use our sound technology to develop countermeasures against these ambient noises in spaceflight as a means to mitigate the adverse impacts of noise, while optimizing astronaut health and wellbeing.

Sentauria and Space Architecture

Sentauria leadership currently leads the chapter development on the biomedical drivers of space architecture for the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Space Architecture 2025-2034 Decadal Survey (Space Architecture Technical Committee). This chapter will inform the guidance for space architects over the next ten years in the biomedical infrastructure needs of space architectural design, and on the effect of architectural design elements on the human response to spacecraft and space habitat design.

Movie Studios in Space

Axiom Space is one of four space providers currently building an orbital space station for commercial use. A unique component of the Axiom station is the SEE-1 module, which will serve as the first entertainment studio in space, supporting film production and potentially live broadcasting. A key feature of our SiBASE effort is to deploy our immersive spatial audio platform of segmented radial topology in these space media productions by Axiom and other commercial space station providers.

Planned Low Earth Orbit and Lunar Space Habitats

The commercial space stations readying for deployment in low Earth orbit (LEO) all share the following general attributes

• Microgravity Research: All stations will continue and expand the scientific legacy of the ISS, supporting research across disciplines.

• Commercialization: There is a strong focus on enabling private sector research, manufacturing, and even entertainment.

• International Participation: Stations will host astronauts and experiments from multiple countries, supporting global access to space.

• Space Tourism: While not the primary focus for all, most stations will offer some form of space tourism or private astronaut missions.

• Transition from ISS: These stations are designed to ensure a seamless transition from the ISS, maintaining a continuous human presence in orbit

The following companies are actively developing orbital habitats:

Axiom Space: Microgravity research, space manufacturing, international collaboration, commercial/government missions, media & entertainment

Blue Origin: Mixed-use business park (research, manufacturing, tourism), government/space agency support

Starlab: Continuous human presence, microgravity science, commercial research/manufacturing, government space agency use, limited tourism

Vast: Short-term missions, commercial research, tourism, technology development

Lunar Outpost Development

NASA is leading the most advanced lunar outpost development through its Artemis Base Camp concept, planned for the lunar south pole near Shackleton Crater. The program includes a Foundation Surface Habitat (FSH) that will initially support two astronauts for 30-day missions, with plans to expand to four astronauts for 60-day missions. Major contractors include Boeing, Lockheed Martin, SpaceX, Blue Origin, Northrop Grumman, and Axiom Space, with over 2,700 suppliers across 47 states contributing to the program.

The Italian Space Agency (ASI) is developing a Multi-Purpose Habitat module for Artemis missions, with Thales Alenia Space as the prime contractor. This 15-ton habitat will accommodate two astronauts per mission and is scheduled for launch in 2033.

Lunar Outpost Inc. is one of three companies selected by NASA in 2024 for lunar rover development. The company successfully deployed the first commercial rover at the lunar South Pole in March 2025 with their Lunar Voyage 1 mission. Their upcoming Lunar Voyage 2 mission will launch in 2026 to explore Reiner Gamma’s magnetic anomaly.

ICON is developing revolutionary 3D printing technology for lunar construction through their Project Olympus system. With a $57.2 million NASA contract running through 2028, ICON uses Laser Vitreous Multi-material Transformation to melt lunar regolith into ceramic-like building materials. They’ve already built Mars Dune Alpha, a 1,700-square-foot simulated habitat at NASA’s Johnson Space Center.

The European Space Agency (ESA) is developing the Moon Village concept, focusing on international cooperation similar to the International Space Station. ESA is contributing the Lunar I-Hab module to NASA’s Gateway lunar space station, which will provide living quarters for up to four astronauts for 90-day stays. The agency has also partnered with architectural firms like Hassell Studio and Foster + Partners to design modular lunar habitats using 3D-printed components made from lunar soil.

Japan (JAXA) signed a historic agreement with NASA in April 2024 to develop a pressurized lunar rover called the Lunar Cruiser, jointly developed with Toyota. This rover will accommodate two astronauts for up to 30 days and is planned for use on Artemis VII and subsequent missions. Japan will also contribute environmental control and life support systems for the Gateway station.

India (ISRO) has outlined an ambitious roadmap following their successful Chandrayaan-3 landing. The country plans to establish a human lunar outpost by 2047, with intermediate goals including Chandrayaan-4 sample return in 2028 and astronauts on the Moon by 2040. India also plans to build a moon-orbiting space station by 2040 to support surface operations.